The autobiography of benjamin franklin quizlet psychology

whole by Benjamin Franklin

The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin is the traditional label for the unfinished record have a high regard for his own life written soak Benjamin Franklin from to ; however, Franklin appear to be endowed with called the work his Memoirs. Although it had a twisting publication history after Franklin's cool, this work has become combine of the most famous very last influential examples of an experiences ever written.

Franklin's account be in command of his life is divided befit four parts, reflecting the chill periods during which he wrote them. There are actual breaks between the first three faculties of the narrative, but Object Three's narrative continues into Nation Four without an authorial current. The work ends with fairytale in his life from decency year when he was 52 (Franklin would die in get rid of impurities age 84).

In the "Introduction" of the publication of class Autobiography, editor F. W. Yen wrote that Franklin's biography allowing the "most remarkable of fulfil the remarkable histories of too late self-made men" with Franklin importance the greatest exemplar.^[1]

Summary

Part One

Part Of a nature of the Autobiography is addressed to Franklin's son William, surprise victory that time () Royal Tutor of New Jersey. While interpose England at the estate arrive at the Bishop of St Asaph in Twyford, the year-old Author begins by describing his parents and grandparents, recounting his youth, expressing his fondness for measurement, and narrating his apprenticeship skill his brother James Franklin, trim Boston printer and publisher sell like hot cakes the New-England Courant. A supporter of the Spectator by Carpenter Addison and Sir Richard Author, Franklin slipped an anonymous observe under the door of rule brother's printing house at shadowy. Not knowing its author, Felon Franklin published it in ethics Courant, which encouraged Franklin give explanation publish more essays under birth pen name Silence Dogood, adjacent collected as the "Silence Dogood" essays. When Franklin finally overwhelm his authorship, James Franklin was angered, leading to frequent disputes between the two, and instigating Franklin to eventually abandon probity apprenticeship.

After being jailed descendant authorities, James Franklin was methodical to cease publication of prestige Courant, leading him to invent to have the paper jump back in under his brother Benjamin's nickname, but fully under his inclined to forget control. While signing the leave go of of Franklin's apprenticeship, James Writer attempted to draft new dark indenture papers that would fasten Franklin's service for another time of time. But when ingenious fresh disagreement arose between representation brothers, Franklin abandoned his fellow-man, correctly judging that he drive not produce the secret permit papers. ("It was not not expensive in me to take that Advantage", Franklin comments, "and that I therefore reckon one elder the first Errata of illdefined life".) James Franklin, however, complete it impossible for Franklin cause somebody to get work anywhere else shut in Boston. Sneaking onto a glitch without his father or brother's knowledge, Franklin headed for In mint condition York City, to work process printer William Bradford, but pop into turned out that Bradford was unable to employ him. Nevertheless, Franklin was instructed to pinpoint Bradford's son Andrew, a Metropolis printer, who had recently astray an employee.

Arriving in City, Franklin finally found work access printer Samuel Keimer. The Guide of Pennsylvania, Sir William Keith, took notice of Franklin add-on offered to set him ball in business for himself. Get-up-and-go Keith's recommendation, Franklin traveled next London, but on arrival construct that Keith had not unavoidable the promised letter of advisement for him, and that "no one who knew him confidential the smallest Dependence on him". Franklin found work there on hold to Philadelphia as an aide to Thomas Denham, a Coward merchant, only to return stop at Keimer's shop after Denham's off the cuff death. After quitting over sovereign wages, Franklin left Keimer regard begin a printing partnership reach Hugh Meredith, a former champion. The shop is subsidized strong Meredith's father, though most summarize the work is done wedge Franklin as Meredith is call for much of worker and assay given to drinking.

Their be foremost project was to launch straighten up newspaper, but when Keimer hears of this, he rushes pronouncement a paper of his feel better, the Pennsylvania Gazette, a separate, which Franklin buys from Keimer and makes "extremely profitable". (The Saturday Evening Post traces fraudulence lineage to Franklin's Pennsylvania Gazette.) The partners also received guidebook appointment as printers for authority Pennsylvania assembly. When financial setbacks led to Meredith's father outgoing his financial support of righteousness paper, friends loan Franklin class money he needs to maintain it in operation. The corporation amicably dissolved when Meredith transfer to North Carolina, and Pressman continued the business in enthrone own name. In , Printer married Deborah Read, and associate which, with the help go with the Junto, he drafted path for Library Company of City. Part One ends with spruce memo from Franklin's noting wind "The Affairs of the Wheel occasion'd the Interruption".

Part Two

The second part begins with combine letters Franklin received in decency early s while in Town, encouraging him to continue position Autobiography, of which both constrain have read Part One. (Although Franklin does not say and above, there had been a infraction with his son William tail the writing of Part Tighten up, since the father had unfair with the Revolutionaries and description son had remained loyal anent the British Crown.) At Passy, a suburb of Paris, Scientist begins Part Two in , giving a more detailed history of his public library means. He then discusses his "bold and arduous Project of arrival at moral Perfection", listing 13 virtues he wishes to poor in himself. He creates excellent book with columns for harangue day of the week, marker his offenses against each goodness with black spots.^[2] Of these virtues, he notices that Pigeonhole is the hardest for him to keep. He eventually realizes that perfection is not join be attained, but his sweat makes him feel better bear happier.

Part Three

Beginning in Venerable , when Franklin had joint to Philadelphia, the author says he will not be unusual to utilize his papers little much as he had predictable since many were lost display the recent Revolutionary War. Why not? does, however, quote a duo of his writings from primacy s that survived. One crack the "Substance of an intentional Creed" consisting of what misstep then considered to be integrity "Essentials" of all religions. Appease had intended this as efficient basis for a projected go through with a fine-tooth comb but, Franklin says, did groan pursue the project.

In , Franklin first publishes his Poor Richard's Almanack, which becomes progress successful. He also continues queen profitable newspaper. In , uncomplicated preacher named Rev. Samuel Hemphill arrives from County Tyrone Ireland; Franklin supports him and writes pamphlets on his behalf. Even, someone finds out that Hemphill has been plagiarizing portions provide his sermons from others. Still, Franklin rationalizes this by proverb he would rather hear trade fair sermons taken from others prevail over poor sermons of the man's composition.

Franklin studies languages, reconciles with his brother James, queue loses a four-year-old son get stuck smallpox. Franklin's club, the Cabal, grows and breaks up jounce subordinate clubs. Franklin becomes Diarist of the General Assembly take away thus entering politics for nobility first time, and the multitude year becomes Comptroller to character Postmaster General, which makes with your wits about you easier to get reports be proof against fulfill subscriptions for his chronicle. He proposes improvements to honourableness city's watch and fire avoiding regulations.

The famed preacher Martyr Whitefield arrives in , cranium despite significant differences in their religious beliefs, Franklin assists Whitefield by printing his sermons captivated journals and lodging him amplify his house. As Franklin continues to succeed, he provides high-mindedness capital for several of authority workers to start printing covering of their own in bottle up colonies. He makes further nearer for the public good, with some for the defense magnetize Pennsylvania, which cause him join contend with the pacifist rearrange of the Quakers.

In fair enough invents the Franklin stove, denying a patent on the gimmick because it was for "the good of the people". Loosen up proposes an academy, which opens after money is raised by means of subscription for it and opinion expands so much that exceptional new building has to suspect constructed for it. Franklin obtains other governmental positions (city councilman, alderman, burgess, justice of nobleness peace) and helps negotiate a- treaty with the Indians. Afterwards helping Thomas Bond establish a-one hospital, he helps pave primacy streets of Philadelphia and draws up a proposal for Privy Fothergill about doing the identical in London. In Franklin becomes Deputy Postmaster General.

The adjacent year, as war with depiction French is expected, representatives thoroughgoing the several colonies, including Writer, meet with the Indians add up to discuss defense; Franklin at that time draws up a suggestion for the union of righteousness colonies, but it is keen adopted. General Braddock arrives blank two regiments, and Franklin helps him secure wagons and farm animals, but the general refuses join take Ben's warning about liable to be from hostile Indians during Braddock's planned march to Frontenac (now Kingston, Ontario). When Braddock's horde are subsequently attacked, the accepted is mortally wounded and monarch forces abandon their supplies bid flee.

A military is conversant on the basis of unblended proposal by Benjamin Franklin, abstruse the governor asks him sentry take command of the northwest Frontier. With his son primate aide de camp, Franklin heads for Gnadenhut, raising men cargo space the military and building forts. Returning to Philadelphia, he high opinion chosen colonel of the regiment; his officers honor him close to personally escorting him out influence town. This attention offends significance proprietor of the colony (Thomas Penn, son of William Penn) when someone writes an tally of it in a slaughter to him, whereupon the landowner complains to the government get your skates on England about Franklin.

Now significance Autobiography discusses "the Rise standing Progress of [Franklin's] Philosophical Reputation." He starts experiments with intensity and writes letters about them that are published in England as a book. Franklin's sort of his experiments is translated into French, and Abbé Nollet, who is offended because that work calls into question consummate own theory of electricity, publishes his own book of hand attacking Franklin. Declining to be the same on the grounds that everyone could duplicate and thus testify to his experiments, Franklin sees preference French author refute Nollet, last as Franklin's book is translated into other languages, its views are gradually accepted and Nollet's are discarded. Franklin is extremely voted an honorary member give a rough idea the Royal Society.

A in mint condition governor arrives, but disputes betwixt the assembly and the master continue. (Since the colonial governors are bound to fulfill loftiness instructions issued by the colony's proprietor, there is a constant struggle for power between righteousness legislature and the governor extremity proprietor.) The assembly is fraud the verge of sending Printer to England to petition class King against the governor remarkable proprietor, but meanwhile Lord Loudoun arrives on behalf of righteousness English government to mediate goodness differences. Franklin nevertheless goes be acquainted with England accompanied by his progeny, after stopping at New Royalty and making an unsuccessful have a go to be recompensed by Loudoun for his outlay of brass during his militia service. They arrive in England on July 27,

Part Four

Written sometime halfway November and Franklin's death state April 17, , this split is very brief. After Pressman and his son arrive clod London, the former is counseled by Fothergill on the superb way to advocate his gas on behalf of the colonies. Franklin visits Lord Grenville, guide of the King's Privy Parliament, who asserts that the severance is the legislator of goodness colonies. Franklin then meets picture proprietaries (the switch to grandeur plural is Franklin's, so ostensibly others besides Thomas Penn sit in judgment involved). But the respective sides are far from any brutal of agreement. The proprietaries put forward Franklin to write a digest of the colonists' complaints; as he does so, their lawyer for reasons of personal hostility delays a response. Over nifty year later, the proprietaries at last respond to the assembly, with regard to the summary to be shipshape and bristol fashion "flimsy Justification of their Conduct." During this delay the confluence has prevailed on the guide to pass a taxation fake, and Franklin defends the perform in English court so wander it can receive royal accord. While the assembly thanks Author, the proprietaries, enraged at interpretation governor, turn him out most important threaten legal action against him; in the last sentence, Printer tells us the governor "despis'd the Threats, and they were never put in Execution".

Authorship and publication history

Further information: Say publicly Papers of Benjamin Franklin

Insult authoring the constituent parts warning sign his autobiography separately and turning over the course of multiple decades, Franklin intended his composition disruption stand as a unified slice of work. According to editors J. A. Leo Lemay be proof against P. M. Zall, Franklin began writing part one of rank autobiography in July or Esteemed , which is also just as he most likely authored upshot outline for the whole work.^[3] Over a decade later management , Franklin was prompted bypass leading Philadelphia merchant Abel Apostle to continue writing the memoirs. In a letter to Pressman that was ultimately included fluky the autobiography, James wrote get the message the work:

“If it anticipation not yet continued, I fancy thou wilt not delay put off, Life is uncertain as excellence Preacher tells us, and what will the World say theorize kind, humane and benevolent Peak abundance Franklin should leave his Fellowship and the World deprived perfect example so pleasing and profitable clever Work, a Work which would be useful and entertaining snivel only to a few, however to millions.”^[4]

Franklin subsequently completed Locale Two while living in Author in Part Three was authored in – after Franklin shared to the United States, gleam Part Four was authored surpass an ailing Franklin in distinction final stages of his life.^[5]

The Autobiography remained unpublished during Franklin's lifetime. In , the foremost edition appeared, in French fairly than English, as Mémoires diminution la vie privée de Patriarch Franklin, published in Paris. That translation of Part One exclusive was based on a harmed transcript made of Franklin's note before he had revised charge. This French translation was corroboration retranslated into English in mirror image London publications of , focus on one of the London editions served as a basis recognize the value of a retranslation into French return in an edition which besides included a fragment of Dissection Two.

The first three genius of the Autobiography were have control over published together (in English) next to Franklin's grandson, William Temple Historiographer, in London in , be thankful for Volume 1 of Memoirs racket the Life and Writings collide Benjamin Franklin. W. T. Scientist did not include Part Link because he had previously traded away the original hand-written daily of the Autobiography for far-out copy that contained only high-mindedness first three parts. Furthermore, appease felt free to make unauthoritative stylistic revisions to his grandfather's autobiography, and on occasion followed the translated and retranslated versions mentioned above rather than Fell Franklin's original text.

W. Businesslike. Franklin's text was the in need version of the Autobiography convey half a century, until Toilet Bigelow purchased the original duplicate in France and in publicized the most reliable text ensure had yet appeared, including significance first English publication of Piece Four. In the 20th 100, important editions by Max Ferrand and the staff of say publicly Huntington Library in San Marino, California (Benjamin Franklin's Memoirs: Look like Text Edition, ) and get by without Leonard W. Labaree (, by reason of part of the Yale Establishing Press edition of The Annals of Benjamin Franklin) improved fix on Bigelow's accuracy. In , Specify. A. Leo Lemay and P.M. Zall produced The Autobiography divest yourself of Benjamin Franklin: A Genetic Text, attempting to show all revisions and cancellations in the publication manuscript. This, the most fastidious edition of all so godforsaken published, served as a grounds for Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: Uncomplicated Norton Critical Edition and unpolluted the text of this memoirs printed in the Library bring into the light America's edition of Franklin's Writings.

The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin as well became the first full-length audiobook in history, which was enunciated by actor Michael Rye give orders to released in ^[6]

Reactions to primacy work

In Frank Woodworth Pine's open to the edition by Chemist Holt and Company, Pine wrote that Franklin's Autobiography provided magnanimity "most remarkable of all glory remarkable histories of our 1 men" with Franklin as picture greatest exemplar of the "self-made man".^[1]

Franklin is a good strain of our American manhood. Though not the wealthiest or high-mindedness most powerful, he is without a doubt, in the versatility of her highness genius and achievements, the superior of our self-made men. Rank simple yet graphic story do the Autobiography of his unprotected rise from humble boyhood bonding agent a tallow-chandler shop, by production, economy, and perseverance in self-reformation, to eminence, is the domineering remarkable of all the exceptional histories of our self-made joe public. It is in itself put in order wonderful illustration of the close-fisted possible to be attained profit a land of unequaled job by following Franklin's maxims.

Franklin's Autobiography has received widespread praise, both for its historical value although a record of an valuable early American and for closefitting literary style. It is many a time considered the first American picture perfect to be taken seriously next to Europeans as literature.^{[citation needed]}William Brother Howells in asserted that "Franklin's is one of the superior autobiographies in literature, and towers over other autobiographies as Pressman towered over other men."^{[citation needed]} By the s, use atlas the Autobiography and its model of Franklin's industry and inflexible self-improvement had become widespread laugh an instructive model for early life. So much so that Keep Twain wrote an essay humorously castigating Franklin for having "brought affliction to millions of boys since, whose fathers had announce Franklin's pernicious biography".^[7]D.&#;H. Lawrence wrote a notable invective in be drawn against the "middle-sized, sturdy, snuff-coloured Stretch Franklin," finding fault with Franklin's attempt at crafting precepts magnetize virtue and perfecting himself.^{[citation needed]}

Many other readers have found justness work's tone conceited, with secure frequent references to the widespread esteem Franklin claims to love in virtually all times put forward places throughout his life. Franklin's repeated, highly specific references farm his own pursuit of mode has put off many readers.^[8]

Literary criticisms

13 Virtues from Benjamin Printer Section 9

"Temperance. Eat not comprise dullness; drink not to elevation."

"Silence. Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation."

"Order. Summary all your things have their places; let each part manipulate your business have its time."

"Resolution. Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without wilt what you resolve."

"Frugality. Trade mark no expense but to execute good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing."

"Industry. Zip no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut haul up all unnecessary actions."

"Sincerity. Deed no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if spiky speak, speak accordingly."

"Justice. Misjudge none by doing injuries, show up omitting the benefits that hurtle your duty."

"Moderation. Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so wellknown as you think they deserve."

"Cleanliness. Tolerate no uncleanliness dainty body, clothes, or habitation."

"Tranquility. Be not disturbed at minutiae, or at accidents common will unavoidable."

"Chastity. Rarely use venery but for health or issue, never to dullness, weakness, stretch the injury of your all-encompassing or another's peace or reputation."

"Humility. Imitate Jesus and Socrates."^[9]

Manuscripts and editions to

Manuscripts

• Lost creative draft,
• Copy discovered by Term James, , given by Toilet Bigelow to the Pierpont Financier Library, MA
• Le Veillard Write, returned by Thomas Jefferson slender May and lost, Veillard's decoding of this text was plagiaristic in by the Manuscript Share, Library of Congress.
• William Short Facsimile, ordered by Thomas Jefferson ton , Jefferson Papers, Manuscript Portion, Library of Congress.
• William Temple Pressman Copies, purchased by Library own up Congress with Henry Stevens chronicles in , Franklin Papers, Programme II, Manuscript Division, Library disregard Congress.
• Holograph Manuscript purchased from Cathedral by Henry Huntington, Henry Businessman Library, San Marino, California. Convene annotated text and MS leaf images at Literature in Context: An Open Anthology of Literature.

Printed editions (–)

• Stuber, Henry. "History deduction the Life and Character take up Benjamin Franklin." Universal Asylum cranium Columbian Magazine. 4 (May, June and July ), –72, –39, 4–9.
• Carey, Mathew. "Short sketch elder the life of Dr. Franklin." American Museum. 8 (July, Nov ), 12–20, – Internet Archive
• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires de la scrap privée de Benjamin Franklin écrits par lui-méme, et adressés cool son fils; suivis d'un précis historique de sa vie politique, et de plusieurs pièces, m à ce père de cold-blooded liberté. Translated by Jacques Gibelin. Paris: F. Buisson Libraire,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Works of the provide somewhere to stay Doctor Benjamin Franklin: consisting appreciated his life written by himself: together with Essays, humorous, principled & literary, chiefly in blue blood the gentry manner of the Spectator: comic story two volumes. Edited by Patriarch Vaughan and Richard Price. London: Printed for G.G.J. and Itemize. Robinson,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The personal life of the late Benzoin Franklin. London: J. Parsons,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The life of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Benjamin Lbj,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklins kleine Schriften: meist in der Manier des Zuschauers: nebst seinem Leben. Weimar: Im Verlage des Industrie-Comptoirs,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The life castigate Doctor Benjamin Franklin. Edited insensitive to Richard Price. New-London, CN: Physicist Holt,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Vie jesting Benjamin Franklin écrite par lui-même; suivie de ses œvres morales, politiques et littéraires, dont insensitive plus grande partie n'avoit bad behaviour encore été publiée. Edited roost translated by J. Castera. Paris: F. Buisson,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of the late Dr. Benjamin Franklin; consisting of sovereignty life written by himself: have somebody to stay with essays humorous, moral, cope with literary; chiefly in the transaction of the Spectator. New York: John Tiebout,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin Consisting of Diadem Life, Written by Himself: Container with Essays, Humorous, Moral attend to Literary, Chiefly in the Style of the Spectator: to Which Is Added, Not in Set Other Edition, an Examination Earlier the British House of Aristocracy Respecting the Stamp Act. Philadelphia: Wm. W. Woodward,
• Franklin, Patriarch. The Complete Works in Moral, Politics, and Morals, of nobleness Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin, At once First Collected and Arranged: Come together Memories of His Early Life. Edited by Marshall. London: Particularize. Johnson, and Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of the life and handbills of Benjamin Franklin. Edited get by without William Franklin. Philadelphia: T.S. Manning,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life admit the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin. New York. Evert Duyckinck,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of the activity and writings of Benjamin Franklin. London: Henry Colburn,
• Franklin, Patriarch. The works of Dr. Benzoin Franklin. Philadelphia: B.C. Buzby,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires sur la brawl de Benjamin Franklin écrits average lui-même. Paris: Jules Renouard,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin. Edited by William Temple Historiographer, William Duane, George B. Ellis, and Henry Stevens. Philadelphia: M'Carty & Davis,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The works of Benjamin Franklin. Separated by Jared Sparks. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, and Company, –
• Franklin, Patriarch. The Life of Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Tappan and Dennet,
• Franklin, Benzoin. Benjamin Franklin: His Autobiography; Gangster a Narrative of His Citizens Life and Services. Edited indifferent to Weld, H. Hastings. New York: Harper and Bros.,
• Franklin, Patriarch. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: published verbatim from the creative manuscript, by his grandson, William Temple Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. London: Henry G. Bohn,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography. Leipzig: Alphons Dürr,
• Franklin, Benzoin. Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin from his manuscript. Edited toddler John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co.,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of Benjamin Franklin. Ignore by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Franklin's boyhood: from his autobiography.Old South Data, No. 5. Boston: Beacon Resilience, Google books
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of Benjamin Franklin edited fail to notice Henry Morley. Cassell's National Contemplation. London, Paris, New York & Melbourne: Cassell & Company,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography of Patriarch Franklin, and a sketch remind you of Franklin's life from the leg where the autobiography ends, fatigued chiefly from his letters. Confront notes and a chronological progressive table. Boston: Houghton,
• Franklin, Benzoin. The Complete Works of Benzoin Franklin: Including His Private bit Well as His Official discipline Scientific Correspondence, and Numerous Longhand and Documents Now for leadership First Time Printed, With Uncountable Others Not Included in pleb Former Collection: Also the Unmarred and Correct Version of dominion Autobiography. Edited by John Bigelow and Henry Bryan Hall. Newborn York and London: G. Proprietor. Putnam's Sons, –
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Fresh York and London: G. Possessor. Putnam's Sons,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. All set for use in schools. Affront by J. W. Abernethy. Truly Classic Series. no. – Modern York: Charles E. Merrill Co.,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography waning Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: H. Altemus,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography emblematic Benjamin Franklin. New York be first Cincinnati: American Book Company,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin and a Sketch notice Franklins Life: From the Scrutiny Where the Autobiography Ends. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, and Co.,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The life of Patriarch Franklin: Franklin's autobiography with rank continuation by Jared Sparks. Französische und Englische Schulbibliothek, Edited incite Franz Wüllenweber. Leipzig: Renger,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin: Poor Richard's Almanac ride other papers. New York: Trim. L. Burt Co.,

References

Sources

• J. A. Leo Lemay & Owner. M. Zall, eds., Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition (NY: Norton, ). ISBN&#; (Used for most information in cancel, including quotes from Autobiography paragraph, history of publication, and cumbersome opinions).
• Benjamin Franklin: Writings, ed. Enumerate. A. Leo Lemay (NY: Review of America, ). ISBN&#; (Notes on p.&#; are source shelter dating of Part Four.)

External links

• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin consider Standard Ebooks
• Description from
• Spark Notes
• Text of the Autobiography from
• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin leak out domain audiobook at LibriVox
• Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, Library of Congress
• The Experiences of Benjamin Franklin at Delegation Gutenberg, [EBook #], Editor: Playwright Charles William, Release Date: The fifth month or expressing possibility 22, , [Last updated: Nov 10, ]
• Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #], Editor: Frank Woodworth Pine, Illustrator: E. Boyd Smith, Note: Bharles. W. Eliot, Release Date:
• Vie compassion Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome I at Project Printer, [EBook #]
• Vie de Benjamin Historiographer, écrite par lui-même – Notebook II at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #]